Link to Problems for Discussion

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Vasodilators

This diverse group of drugs can be divided into the following groups:

1. Direct acting vasodilators
   • Nitrates: Glyceryl trinitrate, Isosorbide Mononitrate, Isosorbide Dinitrate
   • Nitroprusside
   • Hydralazine
   • Diazoxide
   • Minoxidil
2. Alpha Antagonists
   • Centrally acting: Clonidine (discussed separately), Methyl dopa
   • Peripheral Non-selective: Phentolamine, Phenoxybenzamine
   • Peripheral Selective: Prazosin, Terazosin
3. Angiotensin acting
   • Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors
   • Angiotensin II Receptor Inhibitors: Candesartan, Eprosartan, Irbesartan, Losartan, Telmisartan
4. Calcium Channel Blockers (discussed separately)

Readings

MacMillan AR, Warshawski FJ, Steinberg RA.Minoxidil overdose.Chest. 1993 Apr;103(4):1290-1.
Jahangiri M, Holdright DR.Myocardial infarction secondary to dipyridamole overdose.Arch Emerg Med. 1992 Mar;9(1):62-4.
PIGEON G, GENEST J.Prolonged hydralazine hydrochloride administration in 132 hypertensive patients--Study of toxicity. Can Med Assoc J. 1960 Oct 1;83:743-6.
Joseph Varon,Steven R Duncan.Naloxone reversal of hypotension due to captopril overdose.Volume 20, Issue 10, Pages 1125-1127 (October 1991) Farrell SE, Epstein SK. Overdose of rogaine extra strength for men topical minoxidil preparation. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 1999;37:781-783.

Rygnestad TK, Dale O. Self-poisoning with prazosin. Acta Med Scand 1983;213:157-158.

Arora R, Timoney M, Melelli L. Acute Myocardial infarction after the use of sildenail. N Eng J Med. 1999;341:700.