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ANION GAP ACIDOSIS


see also Acidosis Teaching Resources

The anion gap (in mmol/L) = (Na+ K) - (HCO3 + Cl)
An anion gap of 7 - 17 mmol/L is normal.

An anion gap > 17 mmol/L, in the presence of acidosis suggests
  • lactic acidosis - may be secondary to shock or seizures from a number of poisons
  • diabetic, alcoholic or starvation ketoacidosis
  • renal failure (GFR < 10% of normal)
  • infantile organic acidosis

or poisoning with one of the following toxins that alter metabolism leading to acidosis

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